03. Separation of Substances Class 6 | Chapter 3 | Science | NCERT Notes | pdf | download | Free

Summary: Separation of Substances is a crucial concept in Science that helps us to isolate different components from a mixture. In Class 6, students learn about various techniques and methods of separating substances. NCERT Notes for Class 6 Science Chapter 3 provide a comprehensive understanding of the topic, making it easier for students to grasp the concepts.

Separation of Substances is a crucial concept in Science that helps us to isolate different components from a mixture. In Class 6, students learn about various techniques and methods of separating substances. NCERT Notes for Class 6 Science Chapter 3 provide a comprehensive understanding of the topic, making it easier for students to grasp the concepts.

The chapter starts with a brief introduction to the concept of a mixture and its different types. The notes then delve into the various techniques of separation of substances, including sedimentation, decantation, filtration, evaporation, and condensation. Each technique is explained in detail, along with the apparatus used and the conditions required for successful separation.

Introduction:

In our daily life, we often come across mixtures of substances, where one or more substances need to be separated. There are various methods of separating mixtures, each method being suitable for a particular type of mixture. In this text, we will discuss some of the common methods of separating mixtures.

1. Handpicking: Handpicking is a method of separating substances where the impurities are slightly larger in size. In this method, impurities like dirt, stones, husks, etc., are separated by handpicking from the larger grains.
2. Threshing: Threshing is a method used for separating grains from stalks. The stalks are beaten to free the grain seeds, and then the mixture is thrown up in the air. This causes the lighter chaff to blow away, and the heavier grains fall down.
3. Winnowing: Winnowing is another method used for separating grains from the chaff. In this method, the mixture of grains and chaff is thrown up in the air with a winnowing basket. The lighter chaff is blown away by the wind, while the heavier grains fall down and are collected.
4. Sieving: Sieving is a method used for separating a mixture of solid particles of different sizes. In this method, the mixture is passed through a sieve, which has uniform sized holes. The larger particles are retained in the sieve, while the smaller particles pass through.
5. Filtration: Filtration is a method used for separating a mixture of a solid and a liquid or two liquids, where one of the components is insoluble in the other. In this method, the mixture is passed through a filter, which allows the liquid component to pass through while retaining the solid component.
6. Evaporation: Evaporation is a method used for separating a mixture of a solid dissolved in a liquid. In this method, the liquid is heated, causing it to evaporate, leaving behind the solid component.
7. Distillation: Distillation is a method used for separating a mixture of two or more liquids with different boiling points. In this method, the mixture is heated to evaporate the liquid with the lower boiling point, which is then collected and condensed into a separate container.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, there are various methods of separating mixtures, each suitable for a particular type of mixture. By understanding these methods, we can effectively separate the components of a mixture and use them in different ways.